Common Childhood Illnesses: A Parent’s Quick Guide
By Ellis Okonjo · Oct 6, 2026 · 7 min read
In a nutshell
Colds, ear infections, and stomach bugs are frequent in early childhood. Know when to treat at home and when to call for help.
Young children catch many infections as their immune systems develop, especially in their first years at nursery or school.
Most are mild and get better on their own, but it helps to recognise warning signs. This is general information and not a substitute for medical advice.
Tip 1 Colds and coughs
Children can have several colds a year. Rest, fluids, and age-appropriate pain relief help. Seek advice if breathing is fast or difficult, or symptoms last more than a few weeks.
Tip 2 Ear infections
Signs include ear pain, tugging at the ear, fever, and irritability. Many clear without antibiotics, but see a doctor if pain is severe or there is discharge.
Tip 3 Stomach bugs
Vomiting and diarrhoea are usually viral. Keep children hydrated with small, frequent drinks. Watch for signs of dehydration such as fewer wet nappies, dry mouth, or unusual drowsiness.
Tip 4 Get urgent help if
- 💡 A baby under three months has a fever
- 💡 Your child has a rash that does not fade when pressed with a glass
- 💡 Breathing is laboured or they are very drowsy
- 💡 They show signs of dehydration
- 💡 You are worried — trust your instincts
This is general parenting information, not medical advice. Every child is different — talk to your paediatrician, family doctor, or a qualified specialist about your child’s health, development, or behaviour. In an emergency, call your local emergency number.